Living in a Stop and Frisk World

Living in a Stop and Frisk World Today around 1,400 citizens in New York City will have their constitutional rights violated through an unlawful search. The legal term for the controversial search is stop and frisk. The New York Police Department continues to pressure its officers to stop and frisk citizens, and these situations are happening at an alarmingly increasing rate. For the New York Police Department, it seems to be a game of numbers as they continue to force their officers to conduct stop and frisks through quotas (Gangi).While New York City has seen a decrease in crime over Mayor Bloomberg's term, it is difficult to directly correlate the stop and frisk policy with these decreases. This unlawful practice needs to stop as it is a controversial practice that many people believe is a direct violation of the human rights inherent for citizens. Furthermore, it could turn New York City into a police state. If an officer does not fill his monthly quota of stops, summons or arres ts, he is subject to discipline (Gangi). Often, this discipline will leave a unsettling paper trail behind the officer and prevent them from being able to move up in the ranking.This commonality has been explained by many New York Police Department officers confidentially in, â€Å"The Hunted and the Hated: An Inside Look at the NYPD's Stop-and-Frisk. † Last year, nearly 686,000 people were stopped on the street; a startling increase from only 97,000 in 2002. This amounts to a 600% increase in stops in less than ten years, and searches will continue to increase as the police department tries to keep these numbers up every year (Gangi). Factually speaking, the number has increased every single year since Mayor Bloomberg took office (Long).Crime is down, but can it accurately be attributed to an increase of stop and frisks? Stop and frisk can not be directly and certainly not solely attributed to the decrease of crime. Additionally, stop and frisk is highly subject to racial pr ofiling. Both Tuttle of TheNation. com and Lieberman of New York Civil Liberties Union agree that the stop and frisk program is a waste of resources, explaining its high failure rate: â€Å"the NYPD’s stop-and-frisk program continues to have a 90 percent failure rate. It remains a tremendous waste of resources, sows mistrust between police and he communities they serve, and routinely violates fundamental rights. (Zelon)† These are key reasons why New York City is the only large metropolis using stop and frisk as their main crime deterrent. It is an aggressive practice that ruins the relationship between the community and police department (Gangi). Ruthless practices such as stop and frisk are alienating the minority communities and terrorizing the youth. Police have admitted to targeting areas where crime is highest, but the stop and frisk approach ruins any opportunity for help from the community directly.These officers are stationed in parts of New York City that the y are disconnected from outside of work. The community knows their area best, yet the officers garner little respect amongst the community. When a community member sees something, they are less likely to say anything to the abusive New York Police Department (Eterno). Furthermore, this puts the officers in much more danger and results in a much more aggressive and assertive force as a result. Not to mention, community members are more willing to follow the law if they believe the system is fair and equal.Sociologist Tom Tyler’s research on this matter has concluded that people often obey laws in which they consider fair and legitimate; these stop and frisk police encounters are seens as unfair and racial (Braid). Community policing is a key aspect to crime fighting, and both Washington and Los Angeles have made it a main focus of their crime stopping strategy. From 2002 to 2012, New York City has had a 12% decrease in murders annually, and during the same period, Washington s aw a 43% decrease and Los Angeles had a 50% decrease in murders.Both cities have taken a less aggressive approach and focused on a less aggressive community driven strategy. Unlike New York City, these cities focus on building up communities and targeting key violent factors (Gangi). Being apart of the community as a police officer lets you work with community members living within the area and target the direct source of violence and crime. Truants within the community are at the highest risk of becoming juvenile offenders. With such hatred from the ommunity, the police department does not get information or leads about these truants until they’re in police hands for committing a crime . Not to mention, these communities become so violent due to only 2 or 3% of the population (Baird). Additionally, as the officers continue to press the streets, they are unable to work with the communities and violence ensues once again. Breaking these community lines is a waste of resources and is costing taxpayers millions of dollars every year.This policy is not only harming and scaring our youth, but it’s estimated that for every 100,000 stops it costs the taxpayers of New York 10 million dollars (Howell). Last year, New York City and the New York Police Department stopped over 650,000 people and accumulated hundreds of lawsuits for its racial and aggressive tactics (Tuttle). Under the law, suspects must appear to be committing a crime or about to commit a crime. Unfortunately, Judge Shira A. Scheindlin has uncovered â€Å"overwhelming evidence that there in fact exists a centralized stop and frisk program that has led to thousands of unlawful stops. Eterno)† Thousands of stops being performed unlawfully will turn into suits against the City of New York. Taxpayers do not want to pay for a program that is constitutionally illegal, has an extremely high failure rate and publicly targets minorities. Since New York City is the largest city in the United St ates, the police department should be a role model for other cities. Instead, the New York Police Department actively practices racial profiling, working against communities rather than in conjunction with them.At first, the aggressive stop and frisk program lowered illegal guns on the street. More recently, however, Mayor Bloomberg has taken it too far by turning the program into a regulated, quota-driven exercise that has effectively used racial profiling and intimidation as a scare tactic against minorities. If New York City is to be proactive in lowering its crime rate, it ought to focus on building communities, endorsing community leaders, and no longer allowing its Police Department to engage in the controversial stop and frisk program.

The Use of Phi, Golden Numbers and Fibonacci Numbers in Architecture from Antiquity

MT Chapter2: The usage of Phi, Golden Numbers and Fibonacci Numbers in Architecture from Antiquity This chapter will look at the history and application of usage, throughout Ancient Times, of the Golden Numbers, such as Phi, the Fibonacci Sequence. It will analyze the different topographic points that they were used, by the ancients and their grounds for utilizing these mathematical systems. Doczi, 1981, examines the significance of Golden Numbers to different peoples throughout history. He pays specific attending to Proportional Harmonies, within architecture. reference1a In Wiltshire, England, around an estimated YEARSAGO, SH mention an astoundingly unbelievable memorial was built. Believed to be a calendar, of kinds ; a topographic point of religious and spiritual significance ; or perchance a compass, this construction possesses geometry affecting Golden Numbers excessively. reference1a One of the other first recorded utilizations, of these peculiar figure systems, can be traced back to the early yearss of Freemasonry and the architecture of their Masonic Temple, in PLACE. The Freemasons call themselves a Brotherhood ; and Masonic Halls and Lodges can be found all over the universe. On a corner rock of the Masonic Hall in Halifax, Canada, it can be seen that two different day of the months are inscribed upon one of the corner-stones. These two day of the months, 1875, and 5875, seem to propose that the Masons believe that their society dates back every bit far as 4000bce. reference1 In Manly P. Hall, 1973, he discusses the evident likely-hood that the Ancient Egyptians had the most knowledge about the scientific disciplines of nature. Hall goes on to state us that Steinmetz, 1976, provinces: â€Å" Regardless of the beginning of the modern Lodge, or of the name â€Å" Freemason, † we can, after liberating the symbolism of modern versions, discern in Freemasonry the lineation of the instructions of the ancient enigmas of Egypt. † mention Manly P. Hall Freemasonry of the Ancient Egyptians A statement by Past Provincial Grand Registrar, W.L. Wilmshurst in â€Å" The Meaning of Masonry † , 1922, reads: â€Å" I am acquainted, for case, with an Egyptian ceremony system, some 5,000 old ages old, which taught exactly the same things as Masonry does, †¦ † cite The Meaning of Masonry, by Past Provincial Grand Registrar, W.L. Wilmshurst This shows us that Freemasonry was a portion of Ancient Egyptian civilization and besides shows that these accomplishments and â€Å" Secret Knowledge † have been passed down from ascendants, 1000s of old ages ago. Investigating Steinmetz, shows us that the Masons are taught that their secret-knowledge has been passed down by generation-after-generation of their brotherhood ‘s members since the clip of the, legendary as yet unfound sunken, metropolis of Atlantis. mention Freemasonry Its Hidden Meaning, by George H. Steinmetz Arpat, 2004, discusses the usage of these Golden Numbers and sequences in architecture throughout both the Islamic, Ottoman and Christian Empires. Besides he draws loop to the fact that the really same rules and techniques are still used in architecture today. reference1 In 1861 a certain Mr. William Preston, past maestro of the Lodge of Antiquity, wrote â€Å" Instruction manuals of Masonry † . In this book he draws attending to the significance and significance of geometry, to the George masons: â€Å" Geometry or Masonry originally synonymous footings, is of a Godhead and moral nature and enriched with the most utile cognition: whilst is proves the fantastic belongingss of nature, it demonstrates the more of import truth of morality. † reference2 This grounds shows that geometry and the Golden Numbers are per se linked with spiritualty, faith and morality, for many different civilizations. Today, the Masons continue to up-hold their belief that the architectural techniques and methods that they teach to their Members should be kept as a reverent secret from the general populace. It is no accident that their most important and recognizable insignia has a missive â€Å" G † as its cardinal characteristic. It can be seen that a capital â€Å" G † has a similar form as the Fibonacci Spiral. reference1 A really old book, Leader Scott ‘s 1899 issue of â€Å" The Cathedral Builders † , clarifies portion of the ground that the Freemasons had such an influential consequence upon the edifice of churches, throughout history. He describes how a peculiar group of people known as â€Å" Liberi Muratori † , who lived near Como, Italy around 643ce were formed. Once this cabal began to turn in Numberss, they were sent out, across the universe, to learn, construct and enroll new members. They shortly became a big and organized society of designers, sculpturers, and professionals of humanistic disciplines and trades. This proliferation of their joint cognition bled into every group of society that they came upon. Scott goes on to depict that there were edicts from the Catholic Church, in Rome, to protect any members of the Freemasons ‘ Brotherhood, in any Catholic state that they might be in. These apostolic bulls besides allowed the Masons to work, without competition from local rivals, in their several field of expertness. This left control of architecture design, of churches, entirely to the Masons who ever followed the set forms, rules, and sequences which were laid down before them, by their hereditary Mason brothers. mention â€Å" The Cathedral Builders † Further grounds of important geometric forms can be found in Islamic Mosques, all over the universe. One of the most notable illustrations of this is the Hagia Sophia in Istanbul. This monumental construction was built, between 532ce – 537ce, in what was so known as Constantinople. Byzantine Emperor, Justinian the Great commissioned Anthemius of Tralles and the Elder Isidore of Miletus, who hailed from Western Anatolia, to construct this construction as a Church. reference1 These two figures were non known as designers, instead, Isidore was referred to as a Professor of Geometry and Mechanics, whilst Anthemius was thought of as a Mathematician and a Physicist. The common term that was used for their place, as builders of this memorial, was â€Å" mechanikoi † . hypertext transfer protocol: //www.hagiasophia.com/listingview.php? listingID=6 Anthemius was left to plan and bring forth the architectural drawings of this church, whilst Isidorus was in charge of the existent building of the edifice. It is interesting to observe that although the Hagia Sophia was built as a church, in the sixth century Ce, today it is used as a museum, but for about five hundred old ages, after the Ottoman Empire conquered Constantinople, it served as a mosque, for the so Islamic officeholders. The Faculty of Architecture of the Technical University of Istanbul holds a papers drawn up by a Azinasi BaAYeAYmez, in which he includes exact programs of the Hagia Sophia. With the aid of his helper, Ahmet Alptekin, he was able to detect that Phi had been explicitly used through-out the whole design of the Hagia Sophia. reference1 The figure below, shows an illustration of these geometrical forms, which have been used, in the interior infinite of the Hagia Sophia. Diagram1 This illustration of ancient architecture demonstrates the usage of Golden Numbers, within edifice building, absolutely. Another first-class illustration of this is the Mosque of Rum Mehmet PaAYa. This sacredly important construction is besides found in Istanbul. Constructed around 1471ce the Grecian builder besides appears to hold used the same unit of length, as was used in the design and building of the Haga Sophia. This â€Å" Byzantine Foot † would now, in today ‘s universe, be seen as being 31.23centimetres long. It was divided into 16 â€Å" Fingers † and a metallic rod of this length, believed to hold been used by Azinasi BaAYeAYmez, and besides before him the Ottomans, has been preserved in the TopkapA ± Museum of Istanbul. Arpat, 2004, describes how with his helper, he measured the precise dimensions of the Mosque of Rum Mehmet PaAYas ‘ exterior breadth of the Mosque ( without porch ) , the thickness of the walls, the doors and the country around the main-entrance. With these measurings he was able to demo that, one time once more, the Golden Ratio and the Fibonacci Spiral had been major factors involved with bring forthing the architecture of the full edifice. reference1 Diagrams2 In Greece itself, the most good known edifice in Athens is the Parthenon. This testament to the inventiveness of the Ancient Greeks is yet another illustration of where the Golden Ratio is used repeatedly, in about all facets of its design. Built around 440ce, Pythagorean Geometry, every bit good as the Fibonacci Sequence can be seen to hold been utilised in the nucleus of its architectural design. reference4 Feuilles de Delphes, Topografi et Architecture Releves et Restaurations par K. Gottlob, Paris 1925, holds the ground-plans for the Parthenon, Rodos discusses these programs in his book, The Secret of Ancient Geometry and its Use ( Vol. 2, 1967 ) analyses these programs and describes the prolific usage of these sequences, in the design of the Parthenon ‘s ground-plan. reference5 The front-facade of the Parthenon besides displays many charactistics, which use the Golden Ratio. The diagram below shows this: reference6 Diagram3 In England, Golden Numbers can be found in the architecture of many churches. One illustration of this is Vere Street Anglican Church, London. Built in 1721, architects AyAYe and Nigel Walding from Derby, fastidiously measured every dimension of the church. Arpat, in his 2004 book, sets down the process that AyAYe and Nigel would hold used to make this:Draw line AB = 636 † ( 1615.122cm )Pull a line AC = 4/3 tens ABPull a half circle around BC and a perpendicular from A until D.AD == 734.39 † ( =1865 centimeter ; Diff. 1cm )Pull a half circle A withR= AD until intersection E. AE = 734.39 †Extend AE by 1/5, grade point F.Pull a half circle around AF, grade intersection G ;EG == 328.429 † This is the breadth of the cardinal nave ( = 834.05cm )Divide the interior length in five equal subdivisions ; these are the breadth of the bays:734.392 / 5 = 146.878 † , mark point H.Halve the cardinal nave, grade point K ; HK = 164.215 †Extend HK by 5/7 tens HK, grade point L.Pull a half circle around LK and a perpendicular from H until intersection M.Draw an discharge around H withR= HM until intersection N.HN = HM = EG == 138.787 † ( = 352.75cm ) This is the breadth of the side naves. The interior breadth of the church is: 2 ten 138.787 † + 328.429 † = 606 † , as measured ( 1538.94cm ) reference1 The diagram below should be used as a mention for the instructions, quoted above.Diagram4 This subject of Christians utilizing Golden Numbers, in architecture, can besides be seen in St. Johannes Basilica, in Catholic Berlin, Germany. This illustration was built in 1897 by designer August Menken, who was besides involved with the building of some of the other of import churches, in Berlin. Once once more it is mostly in the land floor program, that the Fibonacci Sequence can be found. Diagram5 It can besides be shown that the radius of the handbill wall behind the communion table, and the relationship between the communion table, the columns and doors to the street, all involve the Golden Ratio. Diagram6 It is widely understood that architectural techniques have been passed down through coevalss, and dispersed through other civilizations, by trade paths as they appeared in the Middle Ages. Equally good as this, the spread of Freemasonry and other spiritual cabals has contributed greatly to the addition in similar methods of architecture, in different parts of the World. Originally, it seems that, the forms and designs used were created utilizing nature as inspiration. In the modern universe of scientific discipline we are able to more closely, and more accurately, examine nature ‘s artifacts, and it has been seen that these specific figure sequences ( like the Fibonacci Spiral ) can be found about everyplace. reference7 Knocks, H. and Arch, M. ( 2007 ) discourse the findings of the Ancient Greek Thinker, Plato. Plato describes different sets of proportions, stating: â€Å" the three-term proportion as indispensable cognition, the cognition through which the head is able to grok the universe. † reference8 Plato claimed that utilizing the methods to happen the mean of a three-term proportion, such as a/b = b/c, ( which is most normally used by designers ) , an apprehension of the Torahs that govern the creative activity of all things can be formed. A two-term proportion can be expressed as: As shown antecedently, in this papers, this is the Aureate Proportion. reference9 These Golden Numbers, sequences and forms are likely most noticeable in sacredly important edifices because big architectural undertakings have, more frequently than non, been commissioned by spiritual groups. Religions have, historically, possessed the largest sum of financess for such projects. It is common cognition that faiths have many secrets, in order to protect their cognition of the universe, they would merely let certain people to go toilet to facets, such as their architectural techniques and methods. Religion has ever been the pillar for the guidelines and regulations, of different societies. Taxes upon the general population, connected with a peculiar spiritual edifice, were common in yearss gone-by. Both in the signifier of offerings to divinities, and payments for ( as Christians might state ) â€Å" shepherding their flock † , goods, money and nutrient points were, and still are, normally given to these spiritual ‘benefactors ‘ . This is how the Church and other spiritual cultural leaders harnessed the largest sums of power and money, in whole lands and across continents. Ancient Grecian times seem to be an exclusion. It has been documented that here, most of the â€Å" Thinkers † , in Ancient Greece, focused their attendings upon mathematics and lay-down our first Torahs, instructions and regulations, which govern the universes of scientific discipline, technology and the existence. These early Mathematicians and Structural Engineers were largely taught at UNIVERSITY NAME, in Egypt, where they were able to analyze many edifices which were already 1000s of old ages old. reference10 Noteworthy Greek Thinker, and Mathematician, Pythagoras, was taught in many Egyptian Temples, like NameOfTemple. He was besides a Mason and so when he returned home, it was prohibited for him to relay the secret direction that he had been taught in Egypt, to anyone else. Pythagoras taught along different avenues of geometry and instructed â€Å" non-initiated Grecian pupils † in this new methodological analysis. reference11 Schwaller de Lubicz, in his 1981 publication, was able to animate the attack that Pythagoras used in using his geometric methods to architecture. These two tomes, The Temple of Man, discuss Pythagorean Theorems in great item, nevertheless they do non dig profoundly into the â€Å" Lost Knowledge of the Ancient Egyptians † it is necessary to analyze other resources to derive this information. mention â€Å" The Temple of Man † . It is widely recognised that the Christian Bible has been translated many times, from and into many different linguistic communications. Translations can seldom be exact and the significance of certain phrases is frequently lost during transition, from one linguistic communication into another. One illustration of this is at the beginning of the Gospel of St John, in the King James Version, 1611. This book, of the Bible, starts with the line: reference9 â€Å" In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and Word was God. † mention King James Bible, Gospel of Saint John As Knocks and Arch, 2007, explain: â€Å" The transcriber, working in the clip of King James, chose to utilizewordfor the Greek ‘logos ‘ .Sonsimplies an active rule and would be more accurately translated as ‘verb ‘ . What, so, is the word, or verb, of which St John has written? Harmonizing to the anthropocosmic apprehension, it can merely be the fantastic transforming power of Phi ( ? ¤ ) , the Golden Proportion. † reference9

Discussion Board 1-2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Discussion Board 1-2 - Essay Example This generally relates to the fact that crises often involve numerous problems that have different magnitude and require different techniques to handle longitudinal effects. Crisis intervention theory is not specific in defining the exact strategies to handle crises. The theory also does not present unique strategies that are absent or untouched by other standard psychotherapeutic theories. Critical analysis and study of crisis intervention theory confirm that many and common views touched by other theories such as Systemic, Cognitive Behavioral, Attachment, Psycho educational and Psychoanalytic are present in it. Furthermore, the fact that crises result to various and different conditions makes it necessary to recognize the appropriateness (Jackson-Cherry & Erford, 2014). Some victims of the Hurricane Katrina suffered from cognitive problems probably due to overwhelming distresses. To overcome such conditions, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy may be necessary to understand the situation and conduct effective recovery plan (Jackson-Cherry & Erford, 2014). Some crises such as raping and sexual assaults have threatened to destabilize family systems leading to crises. Crisis intervention theory in isolation lacks proper frameworks to resolve such problems. This makes Systems, Ecosystems, and probably Structural theories important tools to analyze the underlying circumstance and design coherent and relevant

Offences Committed and Charges Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words

Offences Committed and Charges - Case Study Example Carol recovered from the snake bite, but lost her baby which died as a result of the poison entering Carol's system. Ahmed , Carol's boyfriend and father of the baby, found out who had sent the snake and decided to kill Mary. Ahmed discussed the idea with his brother Mike whilst they both shopped in the local supermarket. Gabriel, Mary' brother, who happened to be in the local shop, overhead what Ahmed planned to do and he confronted Ahmed and spat in Ahmed's face. Incensed, Ahmed grabbed a knife from the counter and told Gabriel he would kill him. Gabriel ran out of the shop and hid in the back of a bin-lorry that was parked outside. When the bin-lorry moved off Gabriel was badly crushed and died of his injuries. f)Also ensure that you prove the actus reus, mens rea etc. don't juststate the ofence/defence,prove them.e.g.for provocation you would need to prove that the D suffered a sudden and temporary loss of self -control and that the provocation was sufficient to have caused a reasonable man to have acted similarly(all the while you support your statements with authority-case law or statute or both and apply to the facts before you) In determining the possible charges that each of the above persons might face it is necessary to consider the mens rea and the actus reus for the offences. Having established the criteria needed for such charges to be brought it will be then necessary to discuss any possible defences that each might have. From this it should be possible to reach a conclusion as to the offences committed and the persons that will be charged with the offences. As there are four potential defendants it will be best to discuss the possible charges for each under separate headings. Richard In the above it has been stated that Richard punched Rose in the face and broke her nose. In order to determine what Richard might be charged with it is necessary to consider the level of the assault and then the actus reus and mens rea required to prove the offence. Charges can be brought for assault under either s39 of the Criminal Justice Act 1988 (CJA 1988), or the Offences Against the Person Act 1861 (OAPA, 1861) were there are three levels of assault that can be charged. These are listed under s18, s20 and s47 of the OAPA. The degree of injury is used by Crown Prosecution Service (CPS) in determining under which section of the Act the accused should be charged. S18 and s20 offences generally require the victim to have received a wound in which the skin has been broken. Under the charging standards as applied by the CPS injuries such as a broken nose would be covered by a charge under s47 OAPA. Actus reus under s47 The term actus reus refers to the act of the accused which when combined with either intention on the part of the accused or recklessness causes a crime to be committed. The actus reus for an offence will alter depending on the crime committed. Cases such as Fagan v MPC [1969] 1 QB 439, [1968] 3 All ER 442 and Savage v Parmenter [1991] 4 All ER 698 suggest that the actus reus of assault has been committed when

Photography Career Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Photography Career - Essay Example This market is abroad and it will depend on a photographer on which sector to work. He or she should decide whether to take photos for magazines. This an amazing career because one is able to travel a lot and he or she is able to explore the world. He is also able to intermingle with people from different parts of the world. Also the financial rewards attached to photography is that they have highly paid careers as compared to others. It also has created opportunities associated with it. A photographer need to do a range of things, such as speculation, cards , books, stock photography and personal projects. This market in this modern world is so wide is no the same as it used to be. It is so vital for a photographer to have good business intelligence in order to succeed. One needs to keep a daily job schedule , look for a market for his or her work and also employ your career and marketing wants. Photographers should research on the market needs and demands, they will do this by verifying the actual needs of their targets. One should have broad categories to work on beyond travel photography where they may find new markets to suit their job. It depends on the type of individual for one to enjoy life as a travel photographer. He or she should make money out of it. They should be keen on observing and maintaining those special moments. Also in the current world it helps one to advance his skills on computers and technology. It also helps them to be able to balance enjoying work time and operating with people. An example of a noted international role model Chris Mclennan. He is from the south island of New Zealand though most of his time he spends on his travelling photographic jobs across the globe to serve his many clients. He has brought success of this industry image due to the expression of his skills. He is also a role model and mentor in this field. He is always willing to to share his expertise in

Macroeconomics Assignments & Disscussions Assignment - 1

Macroeconomics Assignments & Disscussions - Assignment Example Two years before Pearl Harbor, the United States was a neutral country, meaning it did not want to be involved in the war since the country was still recovering from the effects of the Great Depression. But after Pearl Harbor, President Franklin Roosevelt sought reason to enter the war. The president said that the only way to fight was to produce weapons and materials for war. This led to economic activities in the once sleepy towns of the U.S. which had been hard hit by the Great Depression (â€Å"PBS.org: War Production† par. 1). Production of war material such as aircraft and aircraft carriers, artillery pieces, tanks and hundreds of thousands of army trucks triggered the growth of the American economy. The United States manufactured more guns and ships than Europe and Japan did. The US had to shift from manufacturing agricultural products to war material (â€Å"PBS.org: War Production† par. 4). This is a report of the U.S. Gross Domestic Product (GDP) for the second quarter of 2014 which has registered at $17,311,300,000,000. GDP, the article explains, is the gross economic output of the country, which may include goods and services. GDP is an economic measure which tells whether the economy is doing fine or not good. The article also explains about nominal in relation to real GDP. Nominal GDP provides information about economic output, with some quarterly output statistics but with no inflation calculation, and is also used for U.S. debt comparison. Debt-to-GDP ratio, which has been calculated at 102%, is an important part of the nominal GDP report. On the other hand, the U.S. per capita for 2013, an economic indicator for every American in the U.S., was estimated at $52,800. The article clearly explains the amount of GDP the country attained for the second quarter which is more than $17 trillion, but only for the second quarter of this year. It does not only provide news about GDP but it also explains about the U.S. economic output. The

Can socialism be achieved within a capitalist society Essay

Can socialism be achieved within a capitalist society - Essay Example The forces of demand, supply and availability of goods determine prices. As a result, there exists a huge gap between individuals in possession of capital and the ones without. Under capitalism, the government has little control over labour forces (Wu, 2002, p. 56; Yunker, 2009, p. 56). Although socialism idea was noble, its enforcement in a modern capitalist society can prove to be retrogressive rather that progressive (Hancke?, Martin, and Mark, 2007, p. 34). The introduction of socialist elements would prove inefficient and wasteful in a capitalist economy. This owes to the difficulties that arise in the organization of production by socialists. Moreover, socialists remain vague on the manner in which the system should be effectively integrated without harming the more stable capitalist form of governance. Gross misconceptions and indolence of the masses about the intentions of socialism also threaten its practicality (Hancke? et al., 2007, p. 58). In effect, this would challenge the scientific thought of rational conduct over life, which promotes rational economic calculations. Socialism would fail to address scarcity, an economic problem, if introduced in a capitalist society. Scarcity stems from the unlimited wants versus limited resources to meet them. Capitalism solves this problem through the theory of value, which asserts that an individual can only chose a good whose value is appeasing. Preference therefore sets the platform for monetary valuations and prices. Socialists do not value pricing or the determination of prices by economic agents. Without prices, valuations of goods and services would not adequately support satisfaction of wants through expending acquired incomes from specialized division of labour (Watson, and Hassett, 2008, p. 121). Socialism, through its limitation of the absence of fluctuating prices and free markets, would undermine proper use of resources in a capitalist society. It is nearly impossible to imagine a successful societ y that prevents free expression of preferences through a pool of prices. Random and frequent valuations of a resource through the forces of supply and demand are the only sure way of determining whether it is being used effectively to meet human wants. It would be impossible for socialist ideas like these to thrive in a highly competitive capitalist society where only the strong survive (Yunker, 2009, p. 112). While competitiveness in a capitalist society drives civilization, socialist ideas would lead to slow growth. This is because decision making and planning become centralized with bureaucracy standing in the way of development and growth. There is also the aspect of collective effort rather than personal challenge that leaves the society exposed to inefficiency and laxity. There is no place for laxity in a capitalist society as everyone is encouraged to work hard to attain personal development, which often reflects in the overall performance of the economy. Socialists cannot gu arantee adequate service to consumers while maximizing profits compared to capitalists. This efficiency arises from the promotion of private ownership of factors of production, which socialists oppose (Lawler III, 2009, p. 6). Freedom by private owners like proprietors and entrepreneurs to acquire and dispose property sets them on the path to determining true prices that reflect market forces of demand and supply. Through such freedom to calculate and

Rhetorical analysis on Vintage Ads Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Rhetorical analysis on Vintage Ads - Article Example The color choice is perhaps aimed at accentuating the brand and product. The colors are also bright and perhaps an indicator of the cleanliness that is made possible by the detergent. The brightness of the color serves not only the purpose of implying cleanliness but also drawing attention to the advertisement. The image of the child and father is centered in the picture, and therefore, serves as the major advertisement theme. The theme portrayed in the advertisement is sensitivity offered by the detergent, which cares for the skin of the old and young alike due to its gentleness. This is reinforced by a text message at the bottom-left corner of the picture, which reads: â€Å"The name says it all, it’s gentle next to skin even the British Allergy Foundation has endorsed it.† The objective of this advertisement is to elicit a paternal and maternal sense of care. The targeted clientele consists of middle-aged consumers, specifically those with a family. The aim is to influence detergent purchase choice in families. All families use detergents, therefore, this advertisement is not meant to sell a need to the targeted market, but rather an identity associated to a detergent that is more than just ordinary detergents. Common detergent advertisements would be focused on showing how a certain detergent is able to eliminate dirt effectively, but this one presents more than just dirt elimination-sensitivity to human skin and fabrics cleaned as well as the cleaners’ skin. The picture’s focus shows how a product identifies with the lifestyles of consumers-the sensitive and caring lifestyle of most parents. This shows that advertisements are niche creating tools that help in market segmentation and in presenting and fulfilling identities and needs.

Identifying Cash Flow problems and planning for solutions Assignment

Identifying Cash Flow problems and planning for solutions - Assignment Example Of the total sales of $208,000 in January, $20,800 was cash sales, and another $20,280, net of commission was from credit card sales, making a total of $41,080 collectible in the month of sales, namely January. Of the remaining $166,400, $55,470 is collectible in each of the following three months, namely February, March and April. Thus the total collections for the month of April against the sales of $208,000 are only $41,470. The expenses during the month of January are $187,070, of which $103,740 is against variable costs and $83,330 are fixed costs. Consequently, there is a shortfall of $145,990 in the month of January. Similarly, there are shortfalls in the cash flows for the months of February and March to the tune of $106,490 and $46,530 respectively. The cash flow turns positive from April onwards showing that this is a temporary problem, as the cash collections from previous months will compensate for the delays in the subsequent months. However, such situations can recur in future if there is a sudden growth or dip in sales during a particular period. It is obvious, from the above analysis, that the problem arises because of the delay in cash collections. There are several approaches that can be used to tackle this problem. Some of the possible measures that can be taken include taking deposits, offering discounts for prompt payments, and factoring receivables (Katz & Green, 2009, p. 464). In the case of Bulltuff, the most appropriate among these seems to be to offer a discount for early payment. Taking deposits may not be a viable alternative as all customers (dealers) may not agree to it. It cannot be implemented selectively on only a few willing customers. Factoring receivables is likely to be costly. Consequently, offering discounts for early payments appears to be the most workable solution. The company could also simultaneously consider steps to delay the cash outflows